Granular Activated Carbon (GAC)
A water treatment technology that adsorbs PFAS onto carbon surfaces to remove them from drinking water.
Granular activated carbon filtration passes contaminated water through beds of porous carbon material that traps PFAS molecules. GAC is effective for long-chain PFAS (PFOA, PFOS) but less so for short-chain compounds. It is one of the most widely deployed PFAS treatment technologies due to its relatively low cost and proven track record, though spent carbon requires disposal or regeneration.